Enclosure 2: Statistical Process Control: GATE / AMIE / PSU Question Bank

GATE / AMIE / PSU Question Bank

Statistical Process Control: A Step-by-Step Guide


🔹 Chapter 1: Introduction to SPC

MCQs

  1. Statistical Process Control is primarily used to:

    • (A) Inspect finished products

    • (B) Improve process capability

    • (C) Replace quality planning

    • (D) Eliminate inspection
      Ans: (B)

  2. SPC is best described as a:

    • (A) Corrective technique

    • (B) Preventive technique

    • (C) Detection technique

    • (D) Sampling technique
      Ans: (B)


Short Answer (1–2 marks)

  • Define Statistical Process Control.

  • State one objective of SPC.


🔹 Chapter 2: Statistical Foundations for SPC

MCQs

  1. The measure most sensitive to extreme values is:

    • (A) Mean

    • (B) Median

    • (C) Mode

    • (D) Range
      Ans: (A)

  2. For a normal distribution, approximately what percentage of observations lie within ±3σ?

    • (A) 95%

    • (B) 97%

    • (C) 99.73%

    • (D) 100%
      Ans: (C)


Numerical (GATE type)

  1. If σ = 2 mm, find process spread.
    Ans: 6σ = 12 mm


🔹 Chapter 3: Process Variation & Rational Subgrouping

MCQs

  1. Variation inherent in a stable process is called:

    • (A) Assignable cause

    • (B) Special cause

    • (C) Common cause

    • (D) Measurement error
      Ans: (C)

  2. Adjusting a stable process increases variability. This phenomenon is called:

    • (A) Calibration

    • (B) Correction

    • (C) Rational control

    • (D) Tampering
      Ans: (D)


Short Answer

  • Define rational subgrouping.

  • Why should common cause variation not be adjusted?


🔹 Chapter 4: Control Charts for Variables

MCQs

  1. X̄–R chart is preferred when subgroup size is:

    • (A) 1

    • (B) 2–10

    • (C) >10

    • (D) Variable
      Ans: (B)

  2. Which chart must be interpreted first?

    • (A) X̄ chart

    • (B) R chart

    • (C) I chart

    • (D) p-chart
      Ans: (B)


Numerical (PSU / GATE)

  1. If X̄̄ = 50, R̄ = 4, A₂ = 0.577, find UCL of X̄-chart.
    [
    UCL = 50 + (0.577)(4) = 52.31
    ]


🔹 Chapter 5: Control Charts for Attributes

MCQs

  1. A p-chart is used to monitor:

  • (A) Number of defects

  • (B) Defects per unit

  • (C) Fraction defective

  • (D) Process mean
    Ans: (C)

  1. Which chart assumes Poisson distribution?

  • (A) p-chart

  • (B) np-chart

  • (C) c-chart

  • (D) X̄ chart
    Ans: (C)


Numerical

  1. If average number of defects = 16, find UCL for c-chart.
    [
    UCL = 16 + 3\sqrt{16} = 28
    ]


🔹 Chapter 6: Process Capability Analysis

MCQs

  1. Cp measures:

  • (A) Actual capability

  • (B) Process centering

  • (C) Potential capability

  • (D) Control stability
    Ans: (C)

  1. A capable process generally requires:

  • (A) Cp ≥ 0.8

  • (B) Cp ≥ 1.0

  • (C) Cp ≥ 1.33

  • (D) Cp ≥ 2.5
    Ans: (C)


Numerical

  1. USL = 120, LSL = 100, σ = 4.
    Find Cp.
    [
    Cp = \frac{20}{24} = 0.83
    ]


🔹 Chapter 7: SPC-Based Process Improvement

MCQs

  1. Reduction of common cause variation requires action by:

  • (A) Operator

  • (B) Inspector

  • (C) Supervisor

  • (D) Management
    Ans: (D)


Short Answer

  • State the role of SPC in PDCA cycle.

  • List any two QC tools.


🔹 Chapter 8: Acceptance Sampling

MCQs

  1. Producer’s risk is associated with:

  • (A) AQL

  • (B) LTPD

  • (C) AOQL

  • (D) OC curve slope
    Ans: (A)

  1. Acceptance sampling is:

  • (A) Process control technique

  • (B) Product control technique

  • (C) Process improvement tool

  • (D) Preventive method
    Ans: (B)


Numerical

  1. For n = 50, c = 1, if defectives = 2 →
    Reject the lot


🔹 Chapter 9: Measurement System Analysis

MCQs

  1. Repeatability is related to:

  • (A) Operator variation

  • (B) Equipment variation

  • (C) Part variation

  • (D) Process variation
    Ans: (B)

  1. Acceptable %Gage R&R should be:

  • (A) ≤ 5%

  • (B) ≤ 10%

  • (C) ≤ 30%

  • (D) ≥ 50%
    Ans: (B)


Short Answer

  • Define reproducibility.

  • What is NDC?


🔹 Chapter 10: SPC Implementation & Trends

MCQs

  1. SPC should be used for:

  • (A) Employee evaluation

  • (B) Process monitoring

  • (C) Punishment system

  • (D) Incentive decisions
    Ans: (B)

  1. Digital SPC is associated with:

  • (A) Manual charts

  • (B) Offline inspection

  • (C) Real-time data analysis

  • (D) Sampling inspection
    Ans: (C)

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