Chapter 7: Process Improvement Using Statistical Process Control Tools
Abstract: Using Statistical Process Control (SPC) tools improves processes by using data to monitor, control, and reduce variation, leading to fewer defects, lower costs, and enhanced efficiency , primarily through techniques like control charts , histograms, and process capability studies (Cp/Cpk) to detect "special cause" problems early, preventing waste, and enabling data-driven decisions for continuous improvement in manufacturing and beyond. Key SPC Tools for Improvement Control Charts : Monitor process stability over time (e.g., X-bar & R charts for variables, P/NP charts for attributes) to distinguish normal variation from assignable causes. Histograms : Show the frequency distribution of data, revealing process shape and spread. Process Capability Studies (Cp, Cpk): Measure if a process can consistently meet specifications (e.g., capability indices like 1.33 or higher for good performance). Pareto Charts : Identify...