What are Definitions and Notations in Operation Research? Discover Them to Use !!

Abstract

Operations research (OR) is an analytical method of problem-solving and decision-making that is useful in the management of organizations. In operations research, problems are broken down into basic components and then solved in defined steps by mathematical analysis.

Definitions and notations are the building blocks of O.R. models. They are used to define the terms, variables, and constraints used in an O.R. problem. Definitions provide a clear understanding of the terms used in the problem, while notations represent these terms with symbols or letters.

Keywords: 

Definitions  Notations, Objective Function, Variable, Constraints, Feasible Region

Learning Outcomes 

After undergoing this article you will be able to understathe the following:

What are Definitions and Notations in Operation Research?

Definitions and notations are the building blocks of O.R. models. They are used to define the terms, variables, and constraints used in an O.R. problem. Definitions provide a clear understanding of the terms used in the problem, while notations represent these terms with symbols or letters. The use of notations makes the problem easier to read and comprehend.

Why are Definitions and Notations important ?

In O.R., problems and models can be complex, involving many variables and constraints. Definitions and notations simplify these problems and models, making them easier to understand and solve. They also make it easier to communicate the problem to others. By using a common set of definitions and notations, O.R. professionals can easily understand and discuss the problem with their colleagues.

Common Definitions and Notations in O.R.

Here are some of the most common definitions and notations used in O.R.:

• Objective Function: A mathematical expression that defines the goal of the problem, usually in terms of maximizing or minimizing a certain value.
• Decision Variables: The variables that the decision-maker can control or change to achieve the objective function.
• Constraints: Limitations or requirements that must be met in order to solve the problem.
• Feasible Region: The set of all feasible solutions to the problem.
• Optimal Solution: The solution that maximizes or minimizes the objective function while satisfying all the constraints.
• Slack Variables: Variables that are added to a constraint to convert an inequality to an equation.
• Surplus Variables: Variables that are subtracted from a constraint to convert an inequality to an equation.

Conclusion

Definitions and notations are essential tools in O.R. Without them, O.R. problems and models would be difficult to understand and solve. By using a common set of definitions and notations, O.R. professionals can easily communicate and collaborate with each other. Understanding definitions and notations will help you build a strong foundation in O.R. and become a better problem solver.

FAQs 

Q. How many types of operations research are there?

Ans.

There are several types of operations research models, including linear programming models, nonlinear models, integer programming models, dynamic programming models, stochastic models, and simulation models.

References 

Churchman, C.W., Ackoff R. L. and Arnoff, E.L. 1957. Introduction to Operations Research. John Wiley and Sons, New York.

Goel, B.S. and Mittal, S.K. 1974. Operations Research. Pragati Prakashan, Meerut.

Kapoor, V.K. and Kapoor, S. 2001. Operations Research Techniques for Management. Sultan Chand and Sons, New Delhi.

Saatty, T.L. 1961. Elements of Queuing Theory. McGraw-Hill, New York.

Sasieni, M.A., Yaspan and Friedman, L. 1959. Operations Research: Methods and Problems. John Wiley and Sons, New York.

Sharma , S.D. 1999. Operations Research. Kedar Nath Ram Nath & Co., Mereut.

Swarup, K., Gupta, P.K. and Mohan, M. 1989. Operations Research. Sultan Chand and Sons, New Delhi.

Taha, H.A. 2005. Operations Research: An Introduction. Prentice Hall of India Private Limited, New Delhi.

Wagner, H.M. 1982. Principles of Operations Research, with Applications to Management Decisions. Prentice Hall of India, New Delhi.

Image Reference 

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