Differences between Frames and Scripts in Artificial Intelligence!

Abstract: 

In artificial intelligence (AI), the main difference between frames and scripts is that frames describe an entity, while scripts describe a sequence of events:

Frames

A frame is a record-like structure that describes an entity by collecting attributes and their values. Frames are used to divide knowledge into substructures by representing stereotypical situations. Frames are also known as slot-filter knowledge representation.

Scripts

A script is a structured representation that describes a stereotypical sequence of events in a particular context. Scripts are used in natural language understanding systems to organize a knowledge base. 

 

Marvin Minsky proposed frames in his 1974 article "A Framework for Representing Knowledge". Frames are derived from semantic networks and are part of structure-based knowledge representations. 

 

Keywords:

Frames, Scripts, Knowledge Representation, Entity, Sequence of Events

Frames 

Frames are a data structure in artificial intelligence (AI) that represent knowledge, concepts, or entities: 

 

What they are

Frames are a way to organize information and represent knowledge in a structured manner. They are used to model concepts, objects, or entities, along with their associated attributes, properties, and relationships. 

 

How they work

Frames are a set of attributes that define a specific entity or concept. For example, when trying to identify a flower species, its shape, color, size, and habitat would all be included within one frame. 

 

Why they are used

Frames are used to help AI systems understand and reason about the world. They are especially used in AI systems that use artificial neural networks, but they are also used in other AI paradigms. 

 

How they originated

Marvin Minsky proposed frames in his 1974 article "A Framework for Representing Knowledge". Frames were originally derived from semantic networks. 

 

Scripts

In artificial intelligence (AI), a script is a structured representation of a typical sequence of events in a specific context. Scripts are used in natural-language understanding systems to organize knowledge bases by situation. 

 

Here are some details about scripts in AI:

Purpose

Scripts are used to help problem solvers reason with things that aren't explicitly mentioned in the script.

Structure

Scripts are designed to contain multiple scenes that describe what happens in the script. They can include if-else paths and optional scenes.

Matching

When a typical statement is encountered, the system checks to see if it contains a reference to a known script in the database. If there is a match, the script is invoked.

Deviation

Deviations from the expected sequence help the problem solver learn about unusual events. 

 

Scripts are similar to frames, but instead of describing an object, scripts describe a sequence of events. 

 

AI scripts can also refer to written content created with the help of AI for purposes such as films, advertisements, video games, training videos, and marketing materials. 

The components of a script include:

Entry Conditions

-- these must be satisfied before events in the script can occur.

Results

-- Conditions that will be true after events in script occur.

Props

-- Slots representing objects involved in events.

Roles

-- Persons involved in the events.

Track

-- Variations on the script. Different tracks may share components of the same script.

Scenes

-- The sequence of events that occur. Events are represented in conceptual dependency form.

Scripts are useful in describing certain situations such as robbing a bank. This might involve:

• Getting a gun.
• Hold up a bank.
• Escape with the money.

Here the Props might be

• Gun, G.
• Loot, L.
• Bag, B
• Get away car, C.

The Roles might be:

• Robber, S.
• Cashier, M.
• Bank Manager, O.
• Policeman, P.

The Entry Conditions might be:

• S is poor.
• S is destitute.

The Results might be:

• S has more money.
• O is angry.
• M is in a state of shock.
• P is shot.

There are 3 scenes: obtaining the gun, robbing the bank and the getaway.